High Arches

What Are High Arches?

High arched feet, also known as cavus feet, is a condition characterised by an abnormally high arch in the foot. This abnormal arch causes excess pressure to be placed on the ball and heel of the foot, which can lead to pain and discomfort. While cavus foot can develop at any age, it is most commonly inherited at birth. A high-arched foot is less capable of absorbing impact forces, which can place undue stress on the foot and ankle.

Symptoms of Cavus Foot:

Pain: Walking, especially over long periods, can cause discomfort. In severe cases, standing can also lead to heel pain.
Calluses: The pressure on the ball, heel, and toes may result in the development of calluses.
Toe Deformities: Common symptoms include hammertoes (bent toes) and claw toes (toes curled like a fist).
Instability: The imbalance caused by the high arch can lead to frequent ankle sprains, as the foot has reduced stability and a forward tilt.
Foot Drop: In rare cases, cavus foot can cause foot drop, which is a weakness in the foot muscles that leads to dragging while walking. This is usually associated with neurological conditions.

Diagnosis of High Arches:

To diagnose cavus foot, a podiatrist will start by taking a detailed family history, as this condition is often genetic. The podiatrist will also assess your foot for strength, muscle weakness, toe deformities, and other symptoms. In some cases, an X-ray may be ordered to check for any further structural damage. Additionally, if neurological issues are suspected, the podiatrist may examine the entire limb to rule out any neurological conditions.

Treatment of High Arches:

While cavus foot can cause discomfort, it is treatable. Early consultation with a healthcare professional can help manage the condition more effectively. Treatment often includes:

Orthotics: Custom orthotic devices are commonly used to help distribute weight more evenly across the foot, reducing pressure on the ball and heel.
Specialised Footwear: Shoes designed for high-arched feet can offer improved ankle stability and maximum cushioning, helping to alleviate stress on the foot structures.
Physical Therapy: In some cases, strengthening exercises or stretches may be recommended to improve foot function and stability.

If left untreated, cavus foot can lead to more significant complications, including joint pain and increased risk of injury. Therefore, seeking early intervention is crucial for managing the symptoms and preventing further damage.

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